Machine tool organization



March 10, 1936.

E. D. VANCIL ET AL MACHINE TOOL ORGANIZATION Filed March .3, 1954 3Sheets--Shr-zefl l man AAM

w [fw Mach' my i936. E. D. vANcu. ET AL MACHINE TOOL ORGANIZATION FiledvMarch 3, 1954 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 March O, i936.

E. D. vANcn. Er AL 2,033,406

MACHINE TOOL ORGANIZATION Filed Marh s, 1954 3 Smeets-sheet s PatentedMar. l0, 1936 STATES PATENT QFFICE 2,033,406 MACHINE 'rOoL ORGANIZATIONOhio Application March 3, 1934, Serial No. 713,886

l1 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in machine tools such as grindingmachines, lathes, and. the like, and particularly to improvements intailstocks as employed with such tools.

In general, the invention has reference to tailstocks or terminal Worksupporting mechanisms as utilized with very large machines of the typeabove referred to, particularly when such machines are adapted foroperating on very large rolls. In this type of machine the parts arevery massive and heavy, requiring large forces to eect their adjustmentand positioning relative to the bed, or main support of the machine.

One of the principal objects of the present inventon is, therefore, theprovision 0f a tailstock for use with large machine tools which willadequately support large heavy work pieces such as the rolls utilized insteel and paper rolling mills.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a tailstock for usewith machine tools as above specied which may be readily adjusted withthe least amount of effort, despite its weight and massiveness, andlocked in adjusted positions.

A further object of the invention is the provision of an improvedtailstock and the like which may be positively and accurately locked toresist movement due to the camming action thereon due to the weight ofthe Work supported thereby.

A still further object of the invention is the provision of improvedpower means for shifting the tailstock in either direction, togetherwith improved control means therefor.

It is also an object of the present invention to provide a tailstock offabricated construction of a new and novel design which is veryeiiicient in operation and readily constructible.

Other objects and advantages of the present invention should be readilyapparent by reference to the following specification, considered inconjunction with the accompanying drawings forming a part thereof and itis to be understood that any modications may be made in the exactstructural details there shown and described, Within the scope of theappended claims, without departing from or exceeding the spirit of theinvention.

In the drawings:

Figure l is a front elevation of a machine tool of the grinder, lathe orlike type, embodying the improvements of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a transverse sectional View taken on line 2-2 of Figure 1,

Figure 3 is a longitudinal sectional view taken on line 3 3 of Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a sectional view on line 4-4 of Figure 3.

Figure 5 is a sectional view taken on line 5-5 of Figure 3.

Figure 6 is a fragmentary, horizontal sectional view taken on line 6-6of Figure 1.

Figure '7 is a diagrammatic View of the electrical circuit involved inthe invention.

Figure 8 is a sectional View through one of the ways of the bed andtailstock.

Throughout the several views of the drawings similar referencecharacters are employed to denote the same or similar parts.

As was noted above, this invention may be employed with grindingmachines, lathes, and other similar, types of machine tools, utilizingmeans at the termini of the. work for supporting same which aregenerally termed head and tailstocks. The present invention isparticularly directed to theimproved tailstock and particularly to sucha mechanism when utilized for supporting heavy work pieces such as thelarge rolls used in steel and paper mills. As is Well known, thetailstock has projecting therefrom a tapered center entering acorrespondingly tapered bore or center in the work. In view of the heavyWeight of the work or roll and due to the angular faces of the centerbore in the work and the surface of the supporting center a cammingtendency results, attempting to shift the tailstock away from the work.By this invention the tailstock is adequately locked against any suchmovement and at the same time, dueto the necessary massiveness andWeight of the tailstock, means are provided for readily adjusting itsposition so as to take care of different lengths of work pieces.

The drawings illustrate the improved tailstock of this invention inconnection with a roll grinding machine, and such a machine in generalcomprises a bed I0 mounted on a suitable supporting iioor or the likeII. The bed I0 is provided for the major part of its length with guideways I2 and I3, the former being of the flat type While the latter is ofthe intermediate V type. At the left hand end of the said guide Ways I2and I3, as seen in Figure 1, the bed I0 has secured thereto a headstockI 4 in which is rotatably journaled a spindle for the face plate I5.Projecting V from the face plate I5 is the headstock center I6 utilizedfor determining the axis of rotation of the work. The work I'I isrotated through suitable driving dogs I8 secured to the face plate I5,which in turn is driven through suitable transmission enclosed withinthe headstock I4. Exterior of the headstock I4, and suitably mountedrelative thereto, is a motor or prime mover I9 having a motor shaft 20connected by a suitable flexible transmission 2| to the transmissionwithin the headstock I4 for effecting the rotation of the face plate I5and work I1.

Mounted on the bed guide Ways I2 and I3 in opposition to the headstockI4 is the tailstock 22, while likewise disposed on the said bed guideways between the head and tailstocks are the journal supports 23 and 24which are utilized for additionally supporting the work, while beingoperated upon. Rearwardly of the bed I0 is a tool carriage 25 supportinga spindle for a grinding wheel 26 which effects a stock removal from thework. Associated with the carriage 25 is a prime mover 21 which rotatesthe grinding wheel 26. Any suitable or desirable means may be providedfor effecting a relative feed of the tool or grinding wheel carriage 25and the work to effect the proper stock removal from the work.

The headstock 22 comprises an upper housing 28 and a lower housing 29,the former of which is a casting and the latter a fabricated structure.The lower housing 29 comprises a lower plate 30 and an upper plate 3|substantially co- Iextensive, and to the longitudinal edges of which atopposite sides thereof are welded channel irons 32 and 33. To theforward ends of the top and bottom plates and the channel irons iswelded a forward plate I I1, While to the rear ends thereof is welded asimilar plate 16 making a box like structure. Intermediate said frontand rear plates I|1 and 16 and extending transversely of the bed is acenter plate |I3 held in position by having its upper edge welded to theupper plate 3| and its lower edge welded to the lower plate 36. To theunder surface of the lower plate 39 and beneath the channel iron 32 issecured the ilat guide 34, carrying a gib 35, while beneath the channeliron 33 the plate 30 has secured to it the inverted V guide 36 likewisecarrying a gib 31. The upper plate 3| is provided transversely thereofand intermediate its ends with a keyway 38 in which is secured a key 39received also in a keyway 40 formed in the lower surface of the uppertailstock housing 28.

The upper housing 28 is disposed on the upper surface of the yplate 3|and has formed at opposite ends flanges 4I and 42 through which isformed a plurality of elongated apertures or slots 42A. Passingdownwardly through each of said apertures or slots 42A is a clampingbolt 43 having their lower ends threaded into the upper yplate 3| forsecuring the housings to one another. The elongated apertures or slots42 are provided `to permit a relative lateral shifting or adjustment ofthe housing 28 relative to the bed ways for aligning the center carriedthereby, as will later be described, with the center I6 of the headstockI4. In order to effect this lateral shifting the housing 28, see Figure4. is provided at opposite sides thereof with adjusting screws 45 and 46respectively contacting on their inner ends with blocks 41 and 48secured to the upper surface of the plate 3|. The lateral adjustment ofthe housing .28 with respect to the housing 29 is guided by the key 39carried partly by each of the said housings.

Substantially lengthwise of the housing 28 it is provided with acircular boss or barrel 49 in which is disposed for sliding movementrelative thereto a sleeve or spindle 50. The sleeve is provided througha part of its length with a keyway 5I in which is disposed a shoe 52held in position by a screw 53 extending through the top wall of thebarrel 49. The shoe 52 and keyway 5I prevent any rotative movement ofthe sleeve 50, while permitting an axial adjustment thereof. Carried bythe barrel 49 is one or more clamp screws or bolts 54 operating on theirinner ends through clamp shoes 55 engaging the sleeve or spindle 58 forclamping the said sleeve or spindle in any position of adjustment.

The inner end of the sleeve or spindle 58 is provided with a taperedsocket 56 in which is disposed the tapered shank 51 of the tailstockcenter 58. Additionally, the forward end of the sleeve or spindle 50carries a cover or cap 59 which is utilized for preventing the inflow offoreign matter and coolant to the bearings between the spindle 58 andthe supporting barrel In order to shift the sleeve or spindle 5I] andtherefore the center 58 axially of the housing 28 the said spindle isprovided in its rear end with a counterbore 60 in which is secured a nut6I in threaded engagement with the threaded end 62 of a screw 63. Thescrew 63 is rotatably `iournaled in anti-friction bearings 64 and 65provided by a supplemental housing 66 and its cap 61. The housing 66 issecured to the tailstock barrel 58 by means of cap screws and the like68. Keyed or otherwise secured to the screw 63 between the bearings 64and 65 is a worm wheel 69 meshing with a worm 18 on the inner end of ashaft 1|. The shaft 1| is rotatably mounted in anti-friction rollerbearings 12 and 18 provided by the supplemental housing 66, and isenclosed within a substantially cylindrical extension 14 of saidsupplemental housing 66. The shaft 1| extends beyond one end of saidenclosing sleeve 14 to receive a `hand wheel 15 whereby said shaft isrotated.

From the foregoing it will be noted that the axis of the shaft 1Iextends at right angles to the axes of the screw 63 and spindle orsleeve 50. It will also be noted that by rotating the hand wheel 15 inone or the other direction the screw 63 will likewise be rotatabyactuated for thereby effecting an axial movement of the spindle 50 sinceit cannot rotate with the screw.

The center 58 through its tapered shank 51 has a rather tight fit in thetapered socket 56 of the spindle and the same must therefore be forcedlyejected from the spindle. This ejection of the `center is effectedthrough a pin I I8 lying between the inner end of the center and theopposed end of the screw 63. upon complete retraction of the spindle orsleeve 50 the center 58 will be dislodged for regrinding or replacement.

As is usual, the tailstock as a whole, including both the upper andlower housings 28 and 29, is adapted to be shifted axially of thesupporting bed I9. To effect this movement of the tailstock the rearplate 16 of the housing 29 has welded to it a bracket 11 supporting areversible prime mover or motor 18. The motor 18 has its shaft 19connected through a suitable coupling 89 with a wormY shaft 8|. The wormshaft 8| is rotatably journaled in suitable anti-friction bearingssupported by bearing blocks 82 and 83 welded to the under surface of theplate 3| and the said worm shaft 8| has formed integral therewith orkeyed thereto a worm 84 meshing with a worm wheel 85. The worm wheel 85is loosely mounted on a shaft 86 rotatably journaled in bearingssupported by blocks 81 and 88 Welded to the lower plate 38.

From this it will be seen that Aso 'I'he rshaft v86 has integraltherewith o r secured thereto an elongated pinion .89 `with `the teethof which at one end thereof meshes the internal gear teeth of plate 90which in turn is flanked on either side by friction discs 9|. The plate9 0 and friction discs 9| are yieldably clamped between a cover plate S2and the adjacent side of the worm wheel 85 by means of bolts 93extending through aperturesin the worm wheel 85 and threaded into thecover plate S2. The yieldable pressure is obtained by a spring 94surrounding each of the bolts 93 and abutting on one end with the headsof said bolts and the side of the worm. wheel 85. This constructionprovides a friction clutch which will give under excess force orpressure.

The elongated pinion 89 meshes with a gear 95 keyed .or otherwisesecured to a shaft 96 rotatably jeurnaled in bearings supported byblocks 9'! and 9S welded or otherwise secured to the plate 30. At theouter end the shaft 96 has integral therewith or secured thereto a rackpinion 90 meshing with the teeth of a rack bar |00 set into a recess|0.| formed in the guide i3 substantially at the apex of the angleformed by said guide.

From the foregoing it will be seen that rotation of the motor 'i8 in oneor the other direction will, through the transmission just described,rotate the rack pinion S9 and effect a translation of the tailstock as aunit relative to the bed l0.

rI'he tail stock, as above suggested, is adapted to be locked indifferent positions of adjustment and for this purpose the lower plate30 has welded or otherwise secured to its under surface a lug |02 havingpivotally connected thereto at |03 one end of a latch |04. The free endof the latch |04 is formed into a nose |05 adapted to enter thespacebetween adjacent rack teeth |06. As shown in the drawings, the rackteeth |06 are lugs welded to the plate |02', see Figure 2, which is apart of the bed I0. It will be appreciated that to attempt to translatethe tailstock, while the latch |04 is in locking position, the motor I8would be burnt out or ruine-d. It was to obviate this possibility thatthe friction clutch associated with the worm 85 was provided, since ifthe tailstock could not be moved the friction clutch would slip.

In order to release the latch |04 prior tothe operation of the motor I8the latch |04 has pivotally connected therewith one end of a link 08.

1 The other end of this link is pivotally connected to a lever |539 inturn keyed or Aotherwise secured to a shaft H0. The shaft ||0 isrotatably journaled in a pair of lugs and ||2 respectively secured tothe outer surface of the channel 32 and the transverse brace plate H3.H0 extends beyond the lug lll to which extension is fastened anoperating handle H4. From the foregoing, it will be seen that byactuation of the shaft Il@ in a counterclockwise direction by means ofthe handle H4, the latch nose |05 will be lifted free of the rack teeth|05 whereupon the tailstock may be translated.

As was noted above, the prime mover or motor 'i8 is of the reversibletype and is connected to a switch mechanism contained in switch box ||5mounted on the outer face of the tailstocl; housing channel 32. As seenin Figure 6 the switch housing ||5 has projecting therefrom a lever IISadapted to actuate the reversing switch. The housing ||5 is providedwith an elongated aperture through which the actuating lever or handle II6 projects and whereby the said handle may be shifted in reversedirection to close the switch. This construction is such that if thehandle H6 is actuated toward the left the motor will be ro- The shafttailed .in suche direction to cause the tailstoals to be vmoved towardthe worl, while the reverse movement of the handle I |,6 will translatethe tailstock away from the work.

By further reference to Figure 6 it will be seen that `the latchoperating lever HA and the switch operating lever ||6 are closelyadjacent one another, whereby the operator may with one hand release thelatch and with the other effect the translation of the tailstock, andupon release.` thereof will stop the I,translation of the tai'lstock andimmediately lock same in position.

The rolls which are ground on the present machine are very heavy andmust be ground accurately about the axis. This heavy weight of the 7,roll will, if the tailstock is not locked against movement, shift thetailstock away from it. In operation, therefore, the tailstock isshifted toward the work to the approximate position whereupon the latch|04 is dropped into position between the rack teeth |06 and then thetailstock backed away from the work until the nose |05 engages solidlywith the tooth |06 behind it, whereupon the tailstock translating motorcurrent is shut off. The current most probably will not be shut off theinstant the latch engages its tooth, wherefor the motor will tend toshift a locked tailstock which might result in a burnt out motor or ablown fuse in the electrical circuit.

It was to overcome this possibility that the slip y mounted on the lowerhousing for transverse movement relative thereto and translationtherewith, means carried bythe upper housing .for effecting itstraneverse adjustment, and reversible power actuated means `carried bythe lower housing for effecting its translation.

2. In a tailstock construction the combination Y.

of a lower housing mounted on a supporting bed` for translation relativethereto, an upper housing mounted on the lower housing for transversemovement relative thereto and translation therewith, means carried bythe upper housing for effecting its transverse adjustment, reversiblepower actuated means carried by the lower housing for effecting itstranslation, said translating means including a prime mover, a racl; inpinion connection between the lower housing and its supporting bed, anda transmission train between the prime mover and rack and pinion.

8. In a tailstock construction the combination of a lower housingmounted on a supporting bed jl for translation relative thereto, anupper housing mounted on the lower housing for Ytransverse movementrelative thereto and translation there.- with, means carried by theupper housing for effecting its transverse adjustment, reversible poweractuated means carried by the lower housing for effecting itstranslation, and latch means for locking the housing in its differentpositions of adjustment,

4. In a tailstock construction the combination of a lower housingmounted on a supporting bed for translation rela-tive thereto, an upperhousing mounted on the lower housing for transverse movement relativethereto and translation there.- with, means carried by the upper housingfor effecting its transverse adjustment, reversible power actuated meanscarried by the lower housing for effecting its translation, saidtranslating means including a prime mover, a rack in pinion connectionbetween the lower housing and its supporting bed, a transmission trainbetween the prime mover and rack and pinion, and releasable latch meansfor locking the lower housing and parts carried thereby in its severalpositions of adjustment.

5. In a tailstock construction the combination of a lower housingmounted on a supporting bed for translation relative thereto, an upperhousing mounted on the lower housing for transverse movement relativethereto and translation therewith, means carried by the upper housingfor effecting its transverse adjustment, reversible power actuated meanscarried by the lower housing for effecting its translation, saidtranslating means including a prime mover, a rack in pinion connectionbetween the lower housing and its supporting bed, a transmission trainbetween the prime mover and rack and pinion, releasable latch means forlocking the lower housing and parts carried thereby in its severalpositions of adjustment, and a slip clutch in the transmission toprevent damage to the prime mover if attempted to be operated while thetailstock is locked against movement.

6. In a mechanism of the class described the combination of a supportingbed being provided with a. pair of guide ways, a tailstock mounted onsaid bed guide ways for movement relative thereto, a rack associatedwith one of the guide ways, a rack pinion meshed with the rack androtatably supported by the tailstock, and means associated with thetailstock for rotating the rack pinion and thereby translating thetailstock relative to the bed guide ways, said rack pinion rotatingmeans including a reversible electric motor, and a reversing switchsecured to the tailstock and connected with the motor to eiect itsreverse operation and therefore the reverse translation of thetailstock.

7. In a mechanism of the class described the combination of a supportingbed being provided with a pair of guide ways, a tailstock mounted onsaid bed guide ways for movement relative thereto, a rack associatedwith one of the guide ways, a rack pinion meshed with the rack androtatably supported by the tailstock, and means associated with thetailstock for rotating the rack pinion and thereby translating thetailstock relative to the bed guide ways, said rack pinion rotatingmeans including a reversible electric motor, a second rack associatedwith the bed, and a latch carried by the tailstock cooperating with thesecond rack for locking the tailstock in the several positions aseiected by the reversible electric motor.

8. In a mechanism of the class described the combination of a supportingbed being provided with a pair of guide ways, a tailstock mounted onsaid bed guide ways for movement relative thereto, a rack associatedwith one of the guide ways, a rack pinion meshed with the rack androtatably supported by the tailstock, means associated with thetailstock for rotating the rack pinion and thereby translating thetailstock relative to the bed guide ways, said rack pinion rotatingmeans including a reversible electric motor, a second rack associatedwith the bed, and a latch carried by the tailstock cooperating with thesecond rack for locking the tailstock in the several positions aseffected by the reversible electric motor, a reversing switch associatedwith `the tailstock for reversing the direction of operation of themotor, and manually operable means for rendering the latch inoperativeprior to the operation of the reversing switch.

9. In a mechanism of the class described the combination of a supportingbed being provided with a pair of guide ways, a tailstock mounted onsaid bed guide ways for movement relative thereto, a rack associatedwith one of the guide ways, a rack pinion meshed with the rack androtatably supported by the tailstock, means associated with thetailstock for rotating the rack pinion and thereby translating thetailstock relative to the bed guide ways, said rack pinion rotatingmeans including a reversible electric motor, a second rack associatedwith the bed, and a latch carried by the tailstock cooperating with thesecond rack for locking the tailstock in the several positions aseffected by the reversible electric motor, a reversing switch associatedwith the tailstock for reversing the direction of operation of themotor, manually operable means for rendering the latch inoperative priorto the operation of the reversing switch, and a slip clutch between themotor and rack pinion to prevent damage to the motor if attempted to beoperated while the tailstock is locked against movement.

10. In a tailstock the combination of a housing having a boretherethrough, a sleeve-spindle mounted in said bore, means connectingthe spindle and housing whereby the sleeve may be axially shiftedrelative to the housing but held against rotative movement, the sleevehaving formed at one end thereof a tapered socket and secured to theother end thereof an internally threaded nut, a `center frictionallyheld in the tapered socket, a screw rotatably supported by the housingand having a threaded engagement with the sleeve nut, means for rotatingthe screw, the screw and center being in axial alignment with oneanother, and a loose member between the screw and center wherebyrotation of the screw to fully retract the sleeve causes theintermediate member to abut the center and break the frictionalengagement of a center and sleeve spindle for thereby ejecting a centerfrom its socket.

11. In a tailstock the combination of a housing having a boretherethrough, a sleeve-spindle mounted in said bore, means connectingthe spindle and housing whereby the sleeve may be axially shiftedrelative to the housing but held against rotative movement, the sleevehaving formed at one end thereof a tapered socket and secured to theother end thereof an internally threaded nut, a center frictionally heldin the tapered socket, a screw rotatably supported by the housing andhaving a threaded engagement with the sleeve nut, means for rotating thescrew, the screw and center being in axial alignment with one another,and a loose member between the screw and center whereby .frotation ofthe screw to fully retract the sleeve causes the intermediate member toabut the center and break the frictional engagement of a center andsleeve spindle for thereby ejecting a center from its socket, said screwrotating means comprising a shaft rotatably supported by the housingwith its axis disposed at right angles to the axis of the sleeve spindleand direction of adjustment thereof, and a worm and worm wheelconnection between the shaft and screw.

EDGAR D. VANCIL. FREDERICK S. HAAS.

